お玉ヶ池種痘所跡

It is said that it is the site of a smallpox poultry pond built by 80 oriental doctors who appeared in “Jin” and other people, such as Ito Genpaku. It was a state-of-the-art medical school around the end of the Edo period that actively adopted Western medicine, but it burned down in just half a year and moved to Akihabara. The name was changed to Western Medicine. It is in Akihabara that Dr. Minakata makes a time slip and is troublesome. The Western Medical School is the prototype of the University of Tokyo School of Medicine. As an aside, the University of Tokyo School of Medicine miraculously escaped the Great Kanto Earthquake and the Tokyo air raid. Currently, part of the building is on display at the Architecture Museum attached to the Koishikawa Botanical Garden.

Just because there is a signboard, There is no excuse. And it feels like you're in the wall, It may even pass because it is not noticeable. Still, what happened here? It is appreciated that it is shown so that modern people can understand it. The nearest station is Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line Kodenmacho Station. Within 5 minutes on foot.

It is a vaccination station set up for the purpose of vaccination against smallpox. In the late Edo period, the case fatality rate of smallpox was as high as 40%, and it seems that Dutch doctors at that time made it by spending money.

The description mentions Shunsai Otsuki, Genboku Ito, and Genpo Mitsukuri, but it is based on the cowpox inoculation method that was shipped by the orchid doctor Otto Monique in 1849. It was opened in 1858 with the help of 83 orchid doctors and Genzo Kanzakiya, a Western drug dealer, with the efforts of the above three people, yes!

There is no remnant now, but it is the ruins of the house of Seiho Kawaji. As Russian ambassador Putyachin, he said that in Europe there were rare witty bureaucrats who were as witty as Kawaji. This is the first Edo period seed burial place.

The birthplace of the University of Tokyo School of Medicine. In 1858, a Dutch scholar and other scholars founded a vaccinia on the shores of Tamagaike. At present, only the monument is embedded, and no remnants of the time remain. Otama Inari is nearby.

Is it 7 to 8 minutes from JR Kanda Station? It is ahead beyond Showa Street. There is a Dojo Genbukan in Chiba Shusaku and Zanzan Shoin in Sakuma, and there is also a monument around Otamagaike, so it may be good to go on a tour.

Infectious diseases also affect the world of politics. Taira no Kiyomori, who gained so much power that he was said to be "not in the Heike, not in the people," suddenly suffered from a fever and died in a short period of time. The possibility of influenza has been pointed out, but there is no doubt that this hastened the collapse of the Taira administration. Tsunayoshi Tokugawa, the fifth shogun of the Edo period, also died due to an infectious disease, but his nephew Ienobu, who became a shogun in his place, immediately abolished the decree of mercy on living creatures and changed the political policy until then. The disease that caused Tsunayoshi to die was measles. At that time, there was no drug that was effective against measles, and the disease was improved mainly by diet. Kanpyo, dried daikon radish, red beans, sugar, loach, hijiki, etc. are said to be good for measles, while taro, shiitake mushrooms, broad beans, etc. are prohibited. Of course, there is no medical basis. The epidemic wave occurred 13 times during the Edo period, and it is said that about 240,000 people died in 1862. However, the case fatality rate was even higher, and it was the smallpox (smallpox) mentioned at the beginning that killed many children. It is believed that this disease is caused by the smallpox demon (smallpox demon), and to prevent my child from suffering from smallpox, I had a smallpox picture depicting a strong hero such as smallpox and Minamoto no Tametomo as a guardian, and unfortunately I became measles. At that time, I built an altar to worship the smallpox demon at the bedside. Smallpox is an infectious disease that has existed since BC and has been rampant all over the world, but once it is affected and recovered, it never becomes infected. Furthermore, it was found that when the patient's rash (blistery) pus was touched, he was not affected. Therefore, since ancient times, smallpox methods have been used to prevent illness by injuring the body and injecting pus from the patient or by sucking the scab of the rash through the nose. It is the acquisition of immunity by live vaccination. However, there were many people who lost their lives because they really got smallpox by the variolation method. It was tried in Japan during the Edo period, but it didn't work. In 1798, Jenner of England announced a safe and epoch-making method called the cowpox vaccination method. Cowpox also has cowpox (infectious disease) similar to smallpox, and when the pus (cowpox seedling) is put into the body, a bullous rash appears. When a person was inoculated with the pus of the rash again, the rash also appeared, but none of the inoculated people found that they had smallpox. The cowpox vaccination method is to vaccinate from person to person in this way. This inoculation method was known among Japanese doctors through overseas books in the early nineteenth century, and the German doctor Siebold, who came to Japan, also taught his disciples Rampo doctors the specific method. Vaccination has already begun in the Dutch colonies and Southeast Asia. However, cowpox seedlings did not come into Japan. Then, in 1846, smallpox became a pandemic in the Saga domain. Nabeshima Naomasa, the feudal lord of the time, was known as a virtuoso and was an active person in the introduction of Western technology. Therefore, he accepted the suggestion of the samurai doctor, Genboku Ito, and decided to vaccinate the territory. Soken is a well-known doctor who was allowed to enter and leave the Dutch trading house in Dejima, and asked the director of the trading house, Levyssohn, to order cowpox seedlings. In this way, in 1884, the factory doctor Monique brought cowpox seedlings (cowpox) from Batavia. So I tried cowpox inoculation, but the blisters did not appear and it ended in failure. The following year, a Dutch ship brought cowpox seedlings again. Under the guidance of Monique, Soken vaccinated the three babies he brought. Blisters clearly appeared on one of them. It was the moment when the cowpox method was successful for the first time in Japan. Moreover, the successful baby was Soken's son. Soken immediately contacted Nabeshima Naomasa and inoculated cowpox seedlings to the children one after another, increasing the number. When the cowpox seedlings arrived, Naomasa took the initiative to inoculate his child, Junichiro, so that the people would not be afraid of vaccination. A big person. As a result, vaccination spread rapidly in the Saga domain. On the other hand, cowpox seedlings were planted in Nagasaki, and they were transported to various places, and vaccination spread in the Echizen and Mito domains. Also in Osaka, Koan Ogata, who runs the Dutch school "Ogata Koan", built a vaccination building in Osaka with the investment of Kibei Yamatoya in 1849, and started vaccination free of charge. In recognition of this, the Edo Shogunate expanded its business in the third year of Keio with the smallpox building as a government office. In 1980, smallpox was eradicated, but by then there had been hard efforts by Soken and politicians at Western medical schools of medical professionals such as Soken Narabayashi, Koan Ogata, and Nabeshima Naomasa. I want you to know by all means. Please forgive me for any misunderstandings. Honjo Kamezawa Town 6th grandson