堀庭園(主屋)
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Contact 堀庭園(主屋)
住所 : | Hori Gardens, 795, Muraki, Tsuwano, Kanoashi District, 〒699-5622 Shimane,Japan |
電話 : | 📞 +8878 |
Webサイト : | http://tsuwano-bunka.net/horiteien/ |
カテゴリ: |
郷土史博物館
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街 : | Shimane |
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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 主屋は江戸時代、天明五年(1785)の建築です。格式高い武家屋敷の風格を持ち※1. 式台玄関を有します。(※1. 江戸時代、身分の高い人は籠(かご)で屋敷を訪れました、その際に籠を横付けできる幅広の特別な玄関を式台(しきだい)と呼びます。客人は履物の着脱なしで籠と屋敷を出入り出来ました。)
大広間は天井が高く客人をもてなすに相応しい格式高い作りです。この大広間は襖で三間に仕切ることが出来ます。奥が上座敷、中央が下座敷そして手前の部屋は次間の格付けでしょうか。最も格の高い賓客をもてなす上座敷には大変凝った設えが見られます。まず床間は珍しい形式で、通常なら床間とは角を接する横壁に作られる書院(平書院)が床間と同じ正面壁の左に並列して作られ、その代わりに床脇・違棚が床間と角を接する右壁に作られています。これはかなり変則的な設えで個人的には初めて見ました。実はこの座敷の竿縁天井は「床挿し」です。(※2. 家長を象徴する床間を槍や刀で刺すように天井の棹縁が向かっていること。本来は大変縁起悪いが、武士が忠義のために常に死ぬ覚悟を持っていることを表明する設えとして武家屋敷で作られることがあった) 棹縁が挿さない右壁に置かれた床脇には違棚と天袋はありますが地袋は作られておらず床の機能も持っています。つまり、棹縁が挿さない別の床間を作って床挿しの縁起の悪さを分散しているのではないでしょうか。また床間の最も大切な象徴である床柱は、床間と床脇が90度に交わる角にあり竿縁から挿されていません。二重規範ではありますが長きに渡り鉱山を経営した堀家のビジネスマン的な賢いやり方なのかもしれません。
床間の左に並列する平書院の欄間は尾形光琳の紅白梅図屏風でお馴染みの光琳模様「光琳水」で、激しく渦巻く渦に翻弄されバラバラに壊れていく鼓が表現されています。これは能楽・謡曲「綾鼓(あやのつづみ)」からの出典と思われます。「綾鼓」はこの堀家主屋が建てられた江戸時代後期から宝生流が上演しており明治以降は他の流派にも上演が広がり話題性が高かったのかもしれません。また、「綾」は「菱」を表すので、堀家の家紋・三菱とも繋がりあり二重の意味を持っていたと思われます。(式台以外の通用玄関の上り口にも大変格式高い吹寄せ 菱 格子を掲げ客人への敬意を示しています)また、書院欄間や床挿し天井の激しい設えとは一転、同じく上座敷の床脇の天袋・小襖にはたいへん穏やかな山水画が描かれ、座敷中央にかかる欄間には夫婦和合の象徴として「番(つがい)の鳳凰」が仲睦まじく舞う見事な組子細工が飾られ、まさに剛柔が対極の設えとなっています。
(令和元年11月13日)
The main building is an architecture from the Edo period, 1785. It has the style of a high-class samurai residence * 1. (* 1. In the Edo period, high-ranking people visited the mansion in the basket, and the wide special entrance where the fence can be placed is called a ceremony stand. (I was able to go in and out of the mansion and mansion without detaching.)
The salon has a high ceiling and is well-suited to entertain guests. This hall can be divided into three spaces with a fence. Is the room at the back the upper room, the lower room at the center, and the room in front? A very elaborate setting can be seen in the upper floor, which welcomes the most prestigious customers. First, the space between the floors is an unusual form, and a school (hirashoin), which is usually made on the side wall that touches the corner between the floors, is made in parallel to the left of the same front wall as the space between the floors. It is made on the right wall that touches the corner between the floor. This is a fairly irregular setting and I personally saw it for the first time. Actually, the ridged ceiling of this tatami room is “floor insertion”. (* 2. The ceiling edge of the ceiling is approaching like a sword or sword between the floors that symbolize the patriarch. Originally very awkward, but the samurai is always prepared to die for loyalty. (Sometimes it was made in a samurai residence as a setting to express) There are shelves and tops on the floor placed on the right wall where the eaves do not insert, but the ground bag is not made and has the function of the floor The In other words, I think that the bad luck of floor insertion is distributed by creating another floor between which the heel does not insert. In addition, the most important symbol between the floors, the floor pillar, is located at the corner where the space between the floor and the side of the floor intersects at 90 degrees. Although it is a double norm, it may be a clever way of business for Horiya who has managed a mine for a long time.
The space between the floors of Hira Shoin, parallel to the left of the floor, is the Komuro pattern familiar with the red-and-white plum blossoms of Kogata Ogata. This seems to be a source from the Noh music “Ayano Tsuzumi”. “Ayako” has been performed by Hosho-ryu since the late Edo period when this house was built, and since Meiji, performances may have spread to other schools and may have been highly topical. In addition, “Aya” means “Hishi”, so it was connected to the Horie family crest, Mitsubishi, and had a double meaning. (In addition to the high entrance of the common entrance other than the ceremony stand, a very high-class squirrel diamond lattice is shown to show respect for the guests.) Also, it is completely different from the setting of the hall of the study room and the floor insertion, and the floor of the upper parlor A very calm mountain water painting is drawn on the top of the sack, and in the center of the tatami room is decorated with a superb kumiko craftsmanship of “Tatsugai no Uta” as a symbol of marriage, Goji is the opposite electrode.
(November 13, first year)
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