Mingu no Kura - Tsuruoka
5/5
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Contact Mingu no Kura
住所 : | 10 Kachushinmachi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0036, Japan |
Postal code : | 997-0036 |
カテゴリ: |
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★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ここに往時の薬屋の看板があり、『人参龍眼肉圓』なるものを商っていたよう。人参は朝鮮人参で、当時既に国産化されていたであろうが、龍眼肉は南方の果物のロンガンの果肉を干したもので、こちらは輸入品だったはずである。そんな薬種を扱っていたのが富山藩の「薩摩組」なることは坊津の輝津館でも紹介されており、展示されていた吉見家伝世玉薬箱(文政3年(1824))には肉荳蔲、訶子など南方薬種が収蔵されていた。龍眼も同様に坊津へ来航した唐船から「薩摩組」経由で全国に運ばれたのだろう。一方で蝦夷地から酒田などを経由する北前船で運ばれては薩摩・琉球経由で清朝に輸出されたものに昆布があったということで、実際、琉球船の指定上陸港である中国福州では今でもホテルの朝食に普通に昆布の煮しめが出てきて、何故に?と驚くのであるが、そうした経緯があればこそであろう。漢方薬が貴重だったのと同様に昆布も実は薬であり、時代は清朝末期に下るが当時の在カシュガル英領インド領事の妻、マカートニー夫人の書いた日記にはヨウ素不足で甲状腺腫を発症している多数のウイグル人の描写がある。大陸はヨウ素が土壌に少ないので今では製塩時にヨウ素を添加しているとも聞いたが、往時のカシュガルのような最深部ともなると深刻だったよう。恐らく清朝商人はヨウ素が多量に含まれる昆布が健康に不可欠であることを知っていたはずで、何食わぬ顔して昆布を購入しながら、我さきにと争って食べていたに違いない。ついでに福建省や広東省など昆布食がある程度行き渡っている地域では、近世中期以降になるとやたらと村どうしの争い(械闘)が多かったのは要するに健康で、元気であったのもその一つではなかろうか?(近世以前に広東移民の拓いた四川省では械闘があったとは聞かない)。何はともあれ、龍眼はこの美しい看板へと結実して後世に残るのであり、同じくここ民具の蔵に展示されている北前船で運ばれた昆布も今や香港では「日高昆布」とその産地を冠して販売されるまでに至るのであるが、こうした和漢の「薬」の交流があったことはもっと取り上げていいはずと思ってやまない。
There is a signboard of a drugstore in the past here, and it seems that they were selling something called "Ginseng Longan Ba-wan". The ginseng is ginseng, which may have already been domestically produced at that time, but the longan flesh is a dried flesh of the southern fruit Longan, which must have been an imported product. It was introduced at the Bonotsu History Material Center that the Toyama Domain's "Satsuma Gumi" was dealing with such medicines, and in the Yoshimi Family Denseitama Yakuhin Box (1824), which was on display, meat was used. Southern medicines such as nutmeg and 訶 子 were stored. Longan may have been transported nationwide via the "Satsuma-gumi" from the Karafune that also came to Bozu. On the other hand, kelp was found in the Kitamaebune that was transported from Ezochi via Sakata and exported to the Qing dynasty via Satsuma and Ryukyu. So why is kelp boiled in the hotel breakfast even now? I'm surprised, but it would be only if there was such a background. Just as Chinese herbs were valuable, kelp is actually a medicine, and although the era goes back to the end of the Qing dynasty, the diary written by Mrs. McCartney, the wife of the British Consul in Kashgar at that time, developed goiter due to iodine deficiency. There are numerous Uighur depictions. I heard that iodine is now added to the continent during salt production because iodine is low in the soil, but it seems that it was serious when it came to the deepest part like Kashgar in the past. Perhaps the Qing dynasty merchants knew that iodine-rich kelp was essential for their health, and they must have been competing with me to buy kelp without eating it. By the way, in areas such as Fujian and Guangdong where kelp food is widespread to some extent, it is in short that there were many conflicts (mechanical battles) between villages after the middle of the early modern period, and it was not one of them that they were healthy. Is it? (I don't hear that there was a mechanical struggle in Sichuan Province, which was pioneered by Cantonese immigrants before the early modern period). In any case, Longan bears fruit on this beautiful signboard and remains in posterity, and the kelp carried by the Kitamaebune, which is also exhibited here in the folk implement warehouse, is now called "Hidaka kelp" in Hong Kong. It is sold under the name of the production area, but I think it should be taken up more about the exchange of Japanese and Chinese "medicines".
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